# Insulin (Regular Human)

Canonical source: https://retacompare.com/encyclopedia/insulin

Activates the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, driving glucose uptake into muscle and adipose, glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis.

Reference facts

Also known asHumulin R, Novolin RCategoryHormonal & PituitaryMechanism of actionActivates the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, driving glucose uptake into muscle and adipose, glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis.TargetsInsulin receptorIndications under research or approvedDiabetes mellitus type 1 and 2Regulatory status (reference entry)FDA-approved (recombinant 1982)Half-life~5 minutes (endogenous)SequenceGIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCNSequence notesTwo-chain peptide hormone: A-chain shown (21 aa); B-chain FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKT (30 aa). Three disulfide bridges (A6-A11 intra; A7-B7 and A20-B19 inter).Molecular weight (Da)5808PDB accession3I40First reported1921OriginDiscovered by Banting and Best at the University of Toronto; first administered to a human in 1922.
    Primary References

Banting et al., Can Med Assoc J 1922 (Insulin discovery)


    Explore research articles about Insulin (Regular Human)


    This is an educational reference, not medical advice. Research findings do not establish safety or efficacy for self-administration. Consult the primary sources for study populations, limitations, and current regulatory status.

## Sources

- Banting et al., Can Med Assoc J 1922 (Insulin discovery): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1524425/