# Can SS-31 (Elamipretide) improve mitochondrial function in aging individuals?

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Peptide Longevity Q&A · 2026-03-01


    SS-31 (Elamipretide) has been granted accelerated approval for improving muscle strength in patients with Barth syndrome, a condition linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. This suggests potential benefits for mitochondrial function, which is crucial for overall health and longevity.

 What the research shows

Elamipretide, also known as Forzinity™, is a mitochondrial cardiolipin binder developed by Stealth BioTherapeutics. The focus of the research has been on its application for various disorders characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction. In September 2025, elamipretide received accelerated approval in the USA specifically for enhancing muscle strength in adult and pediatric patients with Barth syndrome, which is an ultra-rare X-linked recessive genetic disorder. This approval marks a significant milestone as it is the first disease-specific treatment available for Barth syndrome. Additionally, elamipretide is undergoing phase III clinical trials for treating dry age-related macular degeneration and mitochondrial myopathies, indicating its broader therapeutic potential.

 Why it matters for longevity

Mitochondrial health is increasingly recognized as a key factor in aging and longevity. As individuals age, mitochondrial function often declines, leading to decreased energy production and increased oxidative stress. The approval of SS-31 (Elamipretide) for Barth syndrome highlights its role in potentially restoring mitochondrial function, which could have implications for extending healthspan. Improved mitochondrial function may help mitigate age-related diseases and enhance overall vitality, making it a significant area of interest in longevity research.

 Key findings at a glance

Elamipretide is a mitochondrial cardiolipin binder.

It received accelerated approval for improving muscle strength in Barth syndrome patients.

This condition is linked to mitochondrial dysfunction.

Elamipretide is also in phase III trials for other conditions like dry age-related macular degeneration.

It represents the first disease-specific treatment for Barth syndrome.

 How SS-31 (Elamipretide) works (background)

Elamipretide functions by binding to cardiolipin, a phospholipid found in the inner mitochondrial membrane that is essential for mitochondrial function. This binding is thought to stabilize the mitochondrial membrane and enhance bioenergetics, which may lead to improved cellular energy production. By targeting mitochondrial dysfunction, elamipretide aims to address the underlying issues associated with various mitochondrial disorders, potentially offering a therapeutic approach to enhance mitochondrial health and overall cellular function.

 Safety, caveats, and what we don't yet know

While elamipretide has shown promise in treating Barth syndrome, there are limitations to the current research. The accelerated approval is based on specific patient populations, and further studies are needed to understand its effects in broader demographics, including older adults. Additionally, the long-term safety profile and efficacy of elamipretide in age-related conditions are still under investigation. Ongoing phase III trials will provide more comprehensive data on its therapeutic potential and safety.

 Bottom line

SS-31 (Elamipretide) has demonstrated potential in improving mitochondrial function, particularly in patients with Barth syndrome. Its role in enhancing muscle strength underscores its relevance to mitochondrial health, which is critical for longevity.

 Related questions

 How does SS-31 (Elamipretide) affect energy levels in aging individuals?

Research suggests that SS-31 (Elamipretide) may enhance mitochondrial function, potentially leading to improved energy levels in aging individuals. However, more studies are needed to confirm these effects in older populations.

 Can SS-31 (Elamipretide) be used for age-related macular degeneration?

Yes, SS-31 (Elamipretide) is currently under phase III clinical development for treating dry age-related macular degeneration, highlighting its potential in addressing age-related ocular conditions.

 What are the implications of mitochondrial health for aging?

Mitochondrial health is crucial for aging, as it impacts energy production and oxidative stress. Maintaining mitochondrial function may help prevent age-related diseases and extend healthspan.

 Source: PubMed · Drugs · published 2026-03-01.

## Sources

- PubMed · Drugs: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41335372/