Insulin (Regular Human) Research: What 517,125 Studies Show (2026) | RetatrutideCompare

Insulin (Regular Human) — 517,125 studies indexed on PubMed. Activates the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, driving glucose uptake into muscle and adipose, glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis. Half-life: ~5 minutes (endogenous). FDA status: FDA-approved (recombinant 1982).

PubMed search-result count last fetched 2026-06-18. Records may include reviews, laboratory work, and animal studies; this is not a clinical trial count or a measure of efficacy.

Inspect the PubMed query and results

How many studies have been published on Insulin (Regular Human)?

There are approximately 517,125 studies indexed on PubMed that mention Insulin (Regular Human) (Humulin R, Novolin R), based on a search last updated 2026-06-18.

Is Insulin (Regular Human) FDA-approved?

FDA status: FDA-approved (recombinant 1982).

How does Insulin (Regular Human) work?

Activates the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, driving glucose uptake into muscle and adipose, glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis.

Activates the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, driving glucose uptake into muscle and adipose, glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis.

Reference facts

Also known as
Humulin R, Novolin R
Category
Hormonal & Pituitary
Mechanism of action
Activates the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase, driving glucose uptake into muscle and adipose, glycogen synthesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis.
Targets
Insulin receptor
Indications under research or approved
Diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2
Regulatory status (reference entry)
FDA-approved (recombinant 1982)
Half-life
~5 minutes (endogenous)
Sequence
GIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCN
Sequence notes
Two-chain peptide hormone: A-chain shown (21 aa); B-chain FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKT (30 aa). Three disulfide bridges (A6-A11 intra; A7-B7 and A20-B19 inter).
Molecular weight (Da)
5808
PDB accession
3I40
First reported
1921
Origin
Discovered by Banting and Best at the University of Toronto; first administered to a human in 1922.

Primary References

Explore research articles about Insulin (Regular Human)

This is an educational reference, not medical advice. Research findings do not establish safety or efficacy for self-administration. Consult the primary sources for study populations, limitations, and current regulatory status.